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Yield Prediction for Tomato Greenhouse Using EFuNN
Kefaya Qaddoum,E. L. Hines,D. D. Iliescu
ISRN Artificial Intelligence , 2013, DOI: 10.1155/2013/430986
Abstract: In the area of greenhouse operation, yield prediction still relies heavily on human expertise. This paper proposes an automatic tomato yield predictor to assist the human operators in anticipating more effectively weekly fluctuations and avoid problems of both overdemand and overproduction if the yield cannot be predicted accurately. The parameters used by the predictor consist of environmental variables inside the greenhouse, namely, temperature, CO2, vapour pressure deficit (VPD), and radiation, as well as past yield. Greenhouse environment data and crop records from a large scale commercial operation, Wight Salads Group (WSG) in the Isle of Wight, United Kingdom, collected during the period 2004 to 2008, were used to model tomato yield using an Intelligent System called “Evolving Fuzzy Neural Network” (EFuNN). Our results show that the EFuNN model predicted weekly fluctuations of the yield with an average accuracy of 90%. The contribution suggests that the multiple EFUNNs can be mapped to respective task-oriented rule-sets giving rise to adaptive knowledge bases that could assist growers in the control of tomato supplies and more generally could inform the decision making concerning overall crop management practices. 1. Introduction Greenhouse production systems require implementing computer-based climate control systems, including carbon dioxide ( ) supplementation. The sort of systems we are concerned with here are normally in use all year-round so as to maximize product and thus are typically applied in scenarios where the greenhouse crops have a long growing cycle. The technological advances and the sophistication of greenhouse crop production control systems do not mean that greenhouse operation does not rely on human expertise to decide on the optimum values for yield weekly amount. Practiced greenhouse tomato growers and researchers evaluate plant responses and growth mode by observations of the plant morphology. Tomato growers use this information in decision making depending on climate conditions and crop management practices to shift the plant growth toward a “balanced” growth mode, or to be able to accurately predict regular crops amounts each year. One of the dynamic and complex systems is tomato crop growth, and few models have studied it previously. Two of the dynamic growth models are TOMGRO [1, 2] and TOMSIM [3, 4]. Both models depend on physiological processes, and they model biomass dividing, crop growth, and yield as a function of several climate and physiological parameters. Their use is limited, especially for practical
Patient safety and quality improvement education: a cross-sectional study of medical students’ preferences and attitudes
Teigland Claire L,Blasiak Rachel C,Wilson Lindsay A,Hines Rachel E
BMC Medical Education , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-16
Abstract: Background Recent educational initiatives by both the World Health Organization and the American Association of Medical Colleges have endorsed integrating teaching of patient safety and quality improvement (QI) to medical students. Curriculum development should take into account learners’ attitudes and preferences. We surveyed students to assess preferences and attitudes about QI and patient safety education. Methods An electronic survey was developed through focus groups, literature review, and local expert opinion and distributed via email to all medical students at a single medical school in the spring of 2012. Results A greater proportion of students reported previous exposure to patient safety than to quality improvement topics (79% vs. 47%). More than 80% of students thought patient safety was of the same or greater importance than basic science or clinical skills whereas quality improvement was rated as the same or more important by about 70% of students. Students rated real life examples of quality improvement projects and participation in these projects with actual patients as potentially the most helpful (mean scores 4.2/5 and 3.9/5 respectively). For learning about patient safety, real life examples of mistakes were again rated most highly (mean scores 4.5/5 for MD presented mistakes and 4.1/5 for patient presented mistakes). Students rated QI as very important to their future career regardless of intended specialty (mean score 4.5/5). Conclusions Teaching of patient safety and quality improvement to medical students will be best received if it is integrated into clinical education rather than solely taught in pre-clinical lectures or through independent computer modules. Students recognize that these topics are important to their careers as future physicians regardless of intended specialty.
Ammonia Removal from Rodent Habitat Operations in Space Using Phosphoric Acid Treated Activated Carbon  [PDF]
Zhe Lu, Jacob A. Hines, Daniel J. Rozewicz, Michael L. Hines
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry (AJAC) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2013.412095
Abstract:

To accommodate long duration biology research with rodent habitats on the International Space Station while providing a healthy living and working environment for crewmembers, NASA Ames Research Center developed a new exhaust filter for odor control for the Animal Enclosure Module (AEM), which houses mice and rats. The new exhaust filter uses activated carbon pellets as adsorbents, with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) impregnated on the surface. The deodorization performance of the new exhaust filters for AEM units housed with mice was evaluated. The ammonia breakthrough time of the exhaust filters was also investigated. The results indicated that H3PO4 treated activated carbon exhibited a high ammonia adsorption capacity of more than 90%. Furthermore, the new exhaust filter can effectively control the odor from the AEM units for a 45-day (minimum) flight mission with a given animal biomass.

Performance of Particle Identification with the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker
E. Hines,for the ATLAS collaboration
Physics , 2011,
Abstract: The ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) is the outermost of the three sub-systems of the ATLAS Inner Detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. In addition to its tracking capabilities, the TRT provides particle identification (PID) ability through the detection of transition radiation X-ray photons. The latter functionality provides substantial discriminating power between electrons and hadrons in the momentum range from 1 to 200 GeV. In addition, the measurement of an enhancement of signal time length, which is related to high specific energy deposition (dE/dx), can be used to identify highly ionizing particles, increasing the electron identification capabilities at low momentum and improving the sensitivity of searches for new physics. This talk presents the commissioning of TRT PID during early 2010 7 TeV data taking. Performance in 2010 and 2011 demonstrating the TRT's ability to identify electrons, complementary to calorimeter based identification methods, will also be shown.
Current and emerging treatment strategies for breast cancer-induced bone loss
Stephanie L Hines
Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy , 2010, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S9911
Abstract: rrent and emerging treatment strategies for breast cancer-induced bone loss Review (4214) Total Article Views Authors: Stephanie L Hines Published Date October 2010 Volume 2010:2 Pages 71 - 77 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S9911 Stephanie L Hines Department of Internal Medicine, Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA Abstract: Breast cancer increases a woman’s risk for bone loss. Bone loss occurs due to the skeletal fragility associated with malignancy, the occurrence of premature ovarian failure secondary to chemotherapy, and the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) associated with antiestrogen therapies. Tamoxifen has been shown to reduce BMD among premenopausal women, and aromatase inhibitors, which have become a standard therapy among postmenopausal women, increase bone loss and the risk of fracture. Bisphosphonates preserve BMD among women with breast cancer, both among postmenopausal women and those with a history of significant bone loss. The effect among premenopausal women appears modest. Despite the protective effect on bone density, a reduction in the risk of fracture has not yet been established. Therefore, other risk factors for fracture must be addressed, such as dietary intake, vitamin D, and assessment of other potentially modifiable conditions. Newer agents that target the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) system and RANK ligand (RANKL), such as denosumab, represent an emerging class of medications that may also preserve BMD in this population.
A Penile Spine/Vibrissa Enhancer Sequence Is Missing in Modern and Extinct Humans but Is Retained in Multiple Primates with Penile Spines and Sensory Vibrissae
Philip L. Reno, Cory Y. McLean, Jasmine E. Hines, Terence D. Capellini, Gill Bejerano, David M. Kingsley
PLOS ONE , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084258
Abstract: Previous studies show that humans have a large genomic deletion downstream of the Androgen Receptor gene that eliminates an ancestral mammalian regulatory enhancer that drives expression in developing penile spines and sensory vibrissae. Here we use a combination of large-scale sequence analysis and PCR amplification to demonstrate that the penile spine/vibrissa enhancer is missing in all humans surveyed and in the Neandertal and Denisovan genomes, but is present in DNA samples of chimpanzees and bonobos, as well as in multiple other great apes and primates that maintain some form of penile integumentary appendage and facial vibrissae. These results further strengthen the association between the presence of the penile spine/vibrissa enhancer and the presence of penile spines and macro- or micro- vibrissae in non-human primates as well as show that loss of the enhancer is both a distinctive and characteristic feature of the human lineage.
Transfer Printing Approach to All-Carbon Nanoelectronics
V. K. Sangwan,A. Southard,T. L. Moore,V. W. Ballarotto,D. R. Hines,M. S. Fuhrer,E. D. Williams
Physics , 2010,
Abstract: Transfer printing methods are used to pattern and assemble monolithic carbon nanotube (CNT) thin-film transistors on large-area transparent, flexible substrates. Airbrushed CNT thin-films with sheet resistance 1kOhmsquare^{-1} at 80% transparency were used as electrodes, and high quality chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown CNT networks were used as the semiconductor component. Transfer printing was used to pre-pattern and assemble thin film transistors on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates which incorporated Al_{2}O_{3}/poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA) dielectric bi-layer. CNT-based ambipolar devices exhibit field-effect mobility in range 1 - 33 cm^{2}/Vs and on/off ratio ~10^{3}, comparable to the control devices fabricated using Au as the electrode material.
In Vitro Intracellular Trafficking of Virulence Antigen during Infection by Yersinia pestis
Tracy L. DiMezzo, Gordon Ruthel, Ernst E. Brueggemann, Harry B. Hines, Wilson J. Ribot, Carol E. Chapman, Bradford S. Powell, Susan L. Welkos
PLOS ONE , 2009, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006281
Abstract: Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, encodes several essential virulence factors on a 70 kb plasmid, including the Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) and a multifunctional virulence antigen (V). V is uniquely able to inhibit the host immune response; aid in the expression, secretion, and injection of the cytotoxic Yops via a type III secretion system (T3SS)-dependent mechanism; be secreted extracellularly; and enter the host cell by a T3SS-independent mechanism, where its activity is unknown. To elucidate the intracellular trafficking and target(s) of V, time-course experiments were performed with macrophages (MΦs) infected with Y. pestis or Y. pseudotuberculosis at intervals from 5 min to 6 h. The trafficking pattern was discerned from results of parallel microscopy, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry experiments. The MΦs were incubated with fluorescent or gold conjugated primary or secondary anti-V (antibodies [Abs]) in conjunction with organelle-associated Abs or dyes. The samples were observed for co-localization by immuno-fluorescence and electron microscopy. For fractionation studies, uninfected and infected MΦs were lysed and subjected to density gradient centrifugation coupled with immunoblotting with Abs to V or to organelles. Samples were also analyzed by flow cytometry after lysis and dual-staining with anti-V and anti-organelle Abs. Our findings indicate a co-localization of V with (1) endosomal proteins between 10–45 min of infection, (2) lysosomal protein(s) between 1–2 h of infection, (3) mitochondrial proteins between 2.5–3 h infection, and (4) Golgi protein(s) between 4–6 h of infection. Further studies are being performed to determine the specific intracellular interactions and role in pathogenesis of intracellularly localized V.
Management of chronic pain in the elderly: focus on transdermal buprenorphine
Nalini Vadivelu,Roberta L Hines
Clinical Interventions in Aging , 2008,
Abstract: Nalini Vadivelu, Roberta L HinesDepartment of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USAAbstract: Chronic pain in the elderly is a significant problem. Pharmacokinetic and metabolic changes associated with increased age makes the elderly vulnerable to side effects and overdosing associated with analgesic agents. Therefore the management of chronic cancer pain and chronic nonmalignant pain in this growing population is an ongoing challenge. New routes of administration have opened up new treatment options to meet this challenge. The transdermal buprenorphine matrix allows for slow release of buprenorphine and damage does not produce dose dumping. In addition the long-acting analgesic property and relative safety profile makes it a suitable choice for the treatment of chronic pain in the elderly. Its safe use in the presence of renal failure makes it an attractive choice for older individuals. Recent scientific studies have shown no evidence of a ceiling dose of analgesia in man but only a ceiling effect for respiratory depression, increasing its safety profile. It appears that transdermal buprenorphine can be used in clinical practice safely and efficaciously for treating chronic pain in the elderly.Keywords: transdermal buprenorphine, chronic pain, elderly
The Structure of the β Leonis Debris Disk
Nathan D. Stock,Kate Y. L. Su,Wilson Liu,Phil M. Hinz,George H. Rieke,Massimo Marengo,Karl R. Stapelfeldt,Dean C. Hines,David E. Trilling
Physics , 2010, DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/724/2/1238
Abstract: We combine nulling interferometry at 10 {\mu}m using the MMT and Keck Telescopes with spectroscopy, imaging, and photometry from 3 to 100 {\mu}m using Spitzer to study the debris disk around {\beta} Leo over a broad range of spatial scales, corresponding to radii of 0.1 to ~100 AU. We have also measured the close binary star o Leo with both Keck and MMT interferometers to verify our procedures with these instruments. The {\beta} Leo debris system has a complex structure: 1.) relatively little material within 1 AU; 2.) an inner component with a color temperature of ~600 K, fitted by a dusty ring from about 2 to 3 AU; and 3.) a second component with a color temperature of ~120 K fitted by a broad dusty emission zone extending from about ~5 AU to ~55 AU. Unlike many other A-type stars with debris disks, {\beta} Leo lacks a dominant outer belt near 100 AU.
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